Method for operating upon shoe soles



April 6, 1937. c.'M. BAGSHAW O 2,075,923

l METHOD FOR OPERATING UPON SHOE SOLES Filed July 7, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 6, 1937.

b. M. BAC-SHAW 2,075,923

METHOD FOR OPERATING. UPON SHOE SOLES Filed July 7, 1954 2 sheets-skieen- 2 Patented Apr. 6, 1937 METHOD FOR OPERATING UPON SHOE SOLES Charles Martin Bagshaw, Leicester, England,

assignor to United Shoe Machinery C01'- poration, Paterson, N. J., a corporationof New Jersey Application July 7, 1934, Serial No. 734,129 In Great Britain July 29, 1933 4 Claims.

This invention relates to the manufacture of shoes and is herein illustrated and described with reference to a method of operating upon shoe soles. y

Outsoles are commonly attached to shoe uppers Aeither directly or indirectly by stitching, stapling or similar means which extends not through the entire thickness of the outsole but from the interiorof a channel formed in the outsole. After the sole has thus been attached to the upper the channel is closed usually by an adhesive, and the stitching or other fastening means is thus both concealed and protected. In certain types of shoes the channel emerges from the edge of the sole and is known as an American channel. In other types the channel emerges from the tread surface of the sole, such a channel being known as an English channel.

In still another type of shoe, and it is in connection with this type that the present invention has its greatest utility, an English channel is formed around the forepart of the shoe and an American channel at the shank or waist portion. For an example of a method of and a machine for forming an English channel around the forepart and an American channel at the shank of the sole, reference may be had to United States Letters Patent No. 1,901,140, granted March 14, 1933, upon the application of Arthur Bates. As disclosed in that patent, however, the operation is performed upon the sole prior to any attachment, even a temporary attachment, tothe shoe upper. In some instances, it would be desirable first to attach the sole temporarily (either directly or indirectly) to the upper and then to gage the channeling operation with reference to the shoe upper. It would also be desirable in many cases to perform an edge trimming operation simultaneously with the formation of the channel.

With the above considerations in view, the present invention comprises a method which consists in forming an English channel in a sole, trimming the margin of the sole along a portion of the length of the channel to a depth suflicient to cause the channel to emerge from the edge of the sole, thereby converting a portion of the English channel into an American channel of less depth, and deepening the American channel. The English channel is formed around both the shank and the forepart of the sole, and is converted into an American channel only at the shank portion. Asvillustrated herein, the improved method is conveniently carried out in two operations, the rst of whichconsists in forming consisting in trimming away therexcess ywidth and y simultaneously deepening the channel at each side of the shank to effect adesired width of sole and a desired depth of channel at rthe shank, the English channel at each sideof the shank being converted by thesecond trimming operation-into an American channel.

The rsto'f the two above-mentionedoperations may conveniently be carried out by a rounding and channeling machine of the Goodyear type. The second operation can best be carried out by a modification of the above-mentioned machine, which modification constitutes the subject-matter of my divisional `application Serial No. 67,342, led March 5, 1936. i

The various objects'and the several features of the invention Willbecome evident to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, of one preferred illustrative method Vand of an illustrative machine adapted/forA use in carrying out this method. r i

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary sectional view taken at the forepart of a shoe and. indicating the result of operating upon the forepart/of` the shoe in accordance with the said illustrative method, the extent of the sole margin before beingoperated upon being shown in dotted lines;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but takenat theshank of the shoe and indicating a stage in the operation upon the outsole at this portion'of the shoe; f

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but indicating the portion of the shoe seen inFig. 2 when a subsequent operation has been performed upon it;

Fig. 4 is a view partly in section illustrating the operative parts of a rounding and channeling machine' as the machine operates at the shank of the outsole of a shoe to produce the result indicated in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 illustrating the operative parts of the machine as the machine 5 operates at the forepart of the outsole to produce the result indicated in Fig. l;

Fig. 6 is a view partly in section illustrating the operative parts of a second rounding and channeling machine adapted for operating upon the shank of an outsole (which has been already operated upon as indicated in Fig. 2) to produce the result indicated in Fig. 3, the parts of the machine being shown in the positions they occupy as Work is about to be presented thereto:

l5 Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 showing the operative parts of the said second machine as they operate upon the work;

Fig. 8 is a front elevational view of the operative parts seen in side elevation in Figs. 6 and 7 of the said second machine;

Fig. 9 is a side elevational view partly in section of certain portions of the said second machine, the general outline of the machine being indicated in chain lines; and

Fig. 10 is a front elevational view of treadle rod connecting mechanism of the said' second machine.

It will be convenient in the first place to describe the said illustrative method before proceeding to describe the said illustrative means adapted for use in carrying out the method. The method will be disclosed in relation to the manufacture of womens shoes of the welted type. The manufacture of the shoe will be performed in ordinary fashion until the sole is laid upon the shoe. Thus, among other things, the upper and insole will be assembled on a last, the upper pulled over and lasted to the lip of the insole, -the welt sewn to the upper and insole lip, the inseam trimmed and the outsole laid upon the shoe bottom and temporarily secured thereto conveniently by means of adhesive. Fig. 1 is a. fragmentary sectional view taken in the forepart of the shoe and the dotted lines indicate the extent of the welt and outsole when the outsole has been laid upon the shoe but before any rounding operation has been performed. The last is represented by I, the upper .by 3, the insole by 5, the welt by 1, the inseam by 9 and the outsole by II. Bottom filling I3 will ordinarily ll up any spaces between insole and outsole. The first step in the illustrative method being described is to make an English channeling cut I5 around the outsole from the breast line at one side of the outsole around the forepart to the breast line at the other side of the outsole and to round or trim the outsole so that the outsole is rounded to final or desired shape around the forepart While an excess margin (of say g to 1/8 inch in width) beyond that which is desired in the iinished shoe is left on the outsole at the shank or waist. The full lines in Fig. 1 represent a cross-sectional view of the shoe at the forepart when the rounding and channeling just referred to has been performed, while Fig. 2 is a. view similar to Fig. 1 but taken at the shank of the shoe. Comparison of the two figures will clearly indicate the excess sole margin left at the shank, while it will be seen that the English channeling cut I5 (which is inclined inwardly towards the attaching face of the outsole and` bent around at a sharper angle near its outer end) emerges from the tread face of the outsole a short distance, which is substantially the same in Figs. l and 2, from the rounded edge thereof. Thus the channeling cut I5 at the forepart as seen in Fig. 1 is situated further from the original untrimmed edge of the outsole than it is at the shank or waist as seen in Fig. 2. So far as rounding and channeling are concerned the forepart of the outsole is completed when the stage shown in full lines in Fig. 1 is reached. At the shank however the outsole is brought from the state shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in full lines in Fig. 3. It will be seen that the excess margin has been trimmed from the outsole to impart a nal or desired outline to the shank portion of the outsole, while a channel forming cut has been made in the edge portion of the outsole which at its inner portion Il is more or less parallel to the surface of the outsole and at its outer portion I9 is inclined upwardly (as seen in Fig. 3) towards the edge of the outsole emerging from the edge not far distant from the upper surface of the outsole. It will be appreciated that the trimming away of the excess outsole margin causes the channeling cut I5 now to emerge from the edge of the outsole instead of from the tread face thereof as it does in Fig. 2. The subsequent channeling cut I1, I9 just intersects the inner end of the cut I5 and in consequence of the inclination between the portion I9 of the second cut and the cut I5 a wedge-shaped portion is entirely removed from the marginal portion of the outsole along each side of the shank. Thus consideringliig. 3 it will be realized that the effect of the operation described is not only to form an American channel at the shank of the outsole at each side but that the thickness of the marginal portion of the outsole is reduced at the shank at each side which is a desirable result in order that the finished shoe may have a neat appearance at the shank. 'Ihe outsole having, in the manner described, had an English channel formed in it at the forepart, an American channel formed in it at each side of the shank and its shank margin reduced in thickness, the respective channel aps will be opened in ordinary fashion, the outsole permanently secured' to the welt by stitching and the channel flaps adhesively secured in closed position. When the flap of an American channel is closed it will be bent slightly upwardly (as seen in Fig. 3) so that the surfaces of the cuts I5 and I9 contact giving the outsole a thin-edged appearance at the shank.

As above stated, the two trimming operations result in providing a ilnal or desired outline to the forepart and to the shank portions of the outsole. This outline, however, may later be modified by subjecting the edge of the sole to the operation of a rotary edge trimming machine. The term final, therefore, must be understood with reference to the steps of the present method, and not to results obtained by subsequent operations unrelated to this method.

The said illustrative method having been described in detail, a description will now be given of the said illustrative means adapted to carry it into effect. We have found it convenient to make use of a rounding and channeling machine of the well known Goodyear type (an example of such a machine being described in the United States Letters Patent No. 1,030,606, granted June 25, 1912 upon the application of Frederick H. Perry) to achieve the results indicated in Figs. 2 and 1 at the shank and forepart of the shoe respectively and then to transfer the shoe to a second but modied rounding and channeling machine of A'Goodyear type to operate on each side of the shank to achieve the result indicated in Fig. 3.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, Fig. 4 illustrates the operative parts of the first rounding and channel- 5 ing machine as the machine operates to produce the result indicated in Fig. 2 at the shank of the outsole while Fig. 5 illustrates the operative parts of the machine as the machine operates to produce the result indicated in Fig. 1 round the forel part. As is usual with rounding and channeling machines `of such type the machine comprises a reciprocating rounding or trimming knife 2l, a sole support 23 for engaging the tread face of the outsole il, which support carries an oscillating l channeling knife 25, and a feed plate 2 which also operates as a cutting block for the rounding knife 2l and which engages the upper face .of the welt Further the machine comprises a weltcrease guide 29 anda forepart guide 3i con- 20 structed and `arranged the former to guide the shoefby engagement with the inseam while the shank is being operated upon and the latter to guide the shoe by engagement with the side of the` upper 3 (supported by the last I) while the 25 forepart is being operated upon. The channeling knife is of such a shape that it will form the English channeling cut l5 seen in Figs. 1 and 2. Associated with the rounding knife 2l is a sticker point 33 of ordinary character.

Rounding and channeling machines are often soadjusted that as the forepart guide 3| is moved into or out of operation (by means of a treadle) the sole support 23 and so the channeling knife 25 are moved vertically with respect to the rounding knife 2i in order that, when an English channel is being cut, the point of emergence of the channel from the tread face of the outsole may be at different distances from the rounded edge of the sole at the waist and at the forepart. As already explained, however, the channel l5 emerges from the tread face of the outsole at the same distance from the rounded edge at the shank and forepart and consequently the rounding and channeling machine is adjusted in well known fashion to give this result. (For example to obtain this result in the case of the machine disclosed in the above mentioned Patent No. 1,030,606 the pivot pin referred to by the reference number 224 in said patent will be adjusted as indicated in Fig. 14 of said patent so that it is in axial alignment with the pivotal support of the leverrreferred to by the reference number 220.) Further in the case cf womens shoes it is rarely desired that the cam means commonly provided in rounding and channeling machines of the Goodyear type for controlling the position of the forepart guide 3l to give a predetermined variation in the width of the sole margin around the forepart shall be brought into operation and the operator of the machine will ordinarily render such cam means inoperative. (For example in the case of the machine described in the above mentioned Patent No. 1,030,606 the forepart guide controlling cam means are inoperative when the locking pin referred to by the reference number 92 in that patent is engaged in the upper of the two holes referred to by the reference number 93.)

The desired excess width of outsole margin of say 3% to 1A; inch already referred to is also readily obtained by making a well known adjustment of the machine whereby as the forepart guide 3l is brought down into its operative position shown in Fig. 5 the crease guide 29 is raised from the 75 position it is shown as occupying in Fig. 4 to the position it is shown as. occupying in Fig. 5. The crease guide 29 is set so that when the shank of the outsole is being operated upon this guide positions the shoe as seen in Fig. 4 so that the desired excess outsole margin is left on the outsole. When the forepart is reached and the forepart guide 3l brought into action as the crease guide rises to its Fig. 5 position the operator is allowed to move the shoe upwardly thereby enabling the rounding knife 2l to trim the sole margin to final shape round the forepart. The lines 35 and 31 in Figs. 4 and 5 indicate the paths of the rounding knife in the outsole at the shank and forepart respectively. When the foreparthas been operated upon and the other side of the shank isv reached the guides 29 and 3l are moved back from vthe Fig. 5 position to the Fig. 4 position. (Again for example considering the machine disclosed in the above mentioned Patent No. 1,030,606 the desired adjustment to effect the necessary relative movement of the guides 29 and 3l is made by releasing the clamping bolt referred to in that patent by the reference number 168 and thereafter turning the adjusting screwreferred to as 169 to set the roll. referred to as 165 off centre with respect toi the pivot of the arm referred to as? which carries the forepart guide.) y.

The operations indicated in Figs. 4 `and 5 should now be quite.c1ear.-1The operator will begin by retracting the sole support 23 by depressing a suitable treadle `(such for example as the treadle referred to by the reference number 212 in Patent No. 1,030,606) to allow the outsole and welt margin at the breast line at one side of the shoe to be introduced between the sole support and the feed plate 2?. Upon release of the treadle the sole and welt margin will be gripped between the members just referred to and the machine will commence rounding and chaneling the outsole along the shank, the operator holding the shoe upwardly as indicated in Fig. 4 against the crease guide 29 which as already mentioned is at this stage so positioned that the desired excess outsole margin is left on the outsole by the roundl ing knife 2l. When the first side of the shank has been operated upon the operator will cause the forepart guide 3l to be lowered into the position shown in Fig. 5 (the forepart guide will ordinarily be controlled by a treadle such for example as the treadle referred to bythe reference numberl 44 in Patent No..1,030,606). As already described this will result in the crease guide 29 being raised so that no excess outsole margin will be left during the operation round the forepart.

When the forepart has been rounded and channeled and the-second side of the shank is reached the operator will allow the forepart guide 3l to rise into inoperative position and the crease guide 29 to descend into the position indicated in Fig. 4, and thereafter the second side of the shank will be operated upon in the same manner as the first side. rIhe consequence of the operation upon Shanks and forepart will therefore be to produce the result indicated in Fig. 2 at the shank portions of the outsole and the result indicated in Fig. l at the forepart.

When the operation just described has been carried out the forepart portion of the outsole is finished so far as rounding and channeling is concerned but at the shank or Waist portions the margin of the outsole has still to be brought from the state indicated in Fig. 2 to that indicated in Fig. 3; i. e., the excess margin has still to be trimmed off and the English channel converted into an American channel. For this purpose the shoe is next transferred to another, but specially organized, rounding and channeling machine of the Goodyear type which machine operates to 5 trim off the excess outsole margin and has a special channeling knife which serves to complete the formation of the desired American channel.

The fact that an excess outsole margin has been left at the shank during the first rounding and l channeling operation, in addition to enabling, as

already explained, the tread-face-emerging English channel to be converted into the beginnings of an edge-emerging American channel when the excess is trimmed off, allows of proper feeding 15 taking place in the machine during the second rounding and channeling operation since, for the work to be fed properly, the rounding knife of the machine should have outsole material to bite into as the machine operates.

The rounding and channeling machine employed for the second operation is conveniently also of the general character of that disclosed in Patent No. 1,030,606 but modified as will now be indicated. This machine or parts thereof is 25 shown in Figs, 6 to 10 and comprises a reciprocating rounding or trimming knife 39, a sole support 4|, an oscillating channeling knife 43 carried by the sole support, a feed plate 45, a crease guide 41 and a sticker point 49. No forepart 30 guide is necessary and such may conveniently be removed entirely from the machine. As is usual with such machines the machine is provided with two treadle rods and 53 respectively for controlling the retraction of the sole support 4| from 35 the feed plate 45 and for controlling the heightwise level of the sole support 4| and of the crease guide 41 with respect to the rounding knife 39. The treadle rods 5| and 53 correspond to the treadle rods referred to by the reference numbers 211 and 43 in Patent No. 1,030,606. In the case of the present machine however only one treadle (not shown) is provided. The treadle is attached to the foot of the rod 53, and the rod 5| is connected as now to be described with the rod 53 in order that actuation of the single treadle may operate both rods. Pivoted to the lower end of the rod 5| is a lever 55 which lever is pivoted near its centre at 51 to the fixed column 59 of the machine. The left hand end (as seen in Fig. of the lever 55 is forked and embraces the rod 53, and just above the forked end of the lever the rod 53 has a collar 6| secured thereon. The arrangement is such that depression of the treadle will cause depression of the rod 53 and, 55 through the lever 55, elevation of the rod 5|. In usual fashion the upper end of the rod 5| is in connection with one arm 63 of a bell crank lever the other arm of which is formed as a depending hand lever 65. The bell crank lever is secured 60 to a rock shaft 61 which also has xed thereon an arm 69 adapted to engage a lug 1| upon a sleeve 13 xedly secured upon a shaft 15 which has a support 11 fixed thereon at its forward end. The support 11 has slidably mounted thereon a 65 carrier slide 19 for the sole support 4| which is carried on the slide 19 in such fashion as to be capable of limited rocking movement in an arcuate guideway 8| in the slide, the permitted extent of rocking movement being limited by a pin 83 70 (see Figs. 6 and '1) mounted in the slide and engaging in a slot 85 in the sole support. The shaft is capable of axial sliding movement in its bearing to move the sole support 4| towards or away from the feed plate 45 and a spring 81 en- 75 gaging its rearward end tends to urge the shaft forwardly. The maximum permitted forward movement of the shaft 15 is limited by the engagement of a flange 89 upon the sleeve 13 with the front bearing 9| for the shaft 15 and sleeve 13. The shaft 15 is also rocked to and fro during the operation of the machine to communicate an oscillating motion to the sole support 4| and so to the channeling knife 43. This rocking motion of the shaft 15 is obtained from a cam actuated bell crank lever 93 (partly seen in Fig. 9) slidably mounted upon the shaft 15 and carrying a pin 95 slidably engaged in a recess in an arm 91 formed on the sleeve 13. The construction of the parts 63 to 91 is quite usual in rounding and channeling machines of the Goodyear type. Commonly in such machines (and as was the case for example in the machine hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 4 and 5) the sole support normally occupies an advanced position and is only retracted from the feed plate (by depression of a treadle) when it is desired to insert between the sole support and the feed plate the margin of an outsole to be rounded and channeled. vIn the case however of the machine indicated in Figs. 6 to 10 it is convenient to arrange that the sole support 4| should normally occupy a retracted position and this result is attained by providing a strong tension spring 99 attached at its upper end to a collar |0| fixed on the rod 5| and at its lower end to a hook |03 in the column 59. The strength of the spring 99 is such that it normally serves to overcome the action of the spring 81 and retains the shaft 15 and sole support 4| in retracted position. This position is controlled by the engagement of the hand lever 65 with an adjustable stopscrew |05 mounted in the frame. The sole support 4| is advanced towards the feed plate 45 to grip the work only when the rod 53 is depressed by its treadle and the rod 5| consequently raised through the lever 55.

The arrangement of the machine is such that depression of the rod 53 causes the channeling knife 43 and sole support 4| to be lowered and the crease guide 41 raised. The change of position of these parts upon depression of the treadle connected to the rod 53 will be appreciated by comparing Figs. 6 and '1. Mechanism for causing heightwise motion of the channeling knife upon depression of a treadle of the machine is old in rounding and channeling machines and is described in detail in Patent No. 1,030,606. Consequently this mechanism in the present machine will be described chiefly only in so far as is required to explain the adjustments made. The rod 53 has an adjustable collar |01 mounted thereon near its top end, and a little way below the collar, as seen in Fig. 9, passes freely through a sleeve |09 which is pivoted at the end of one arm of a lever I carried upon a rock shaft ||3. Such a lever I is ordinarily employed in rounding and channeling machines of the Goodyear type to cause, through suitable connections, the forepart guide to be brought into or out of operative position. Since in the present machine the forepart guide is not necessary, the actual work engaging portion thereof may be removed, and the movement of its pivoted arm used only to effect the depression of the crease guide 41. Such depression may be brought about by engagement of a roll on the arm: of the forepart guide with a plate on the arm of the crease guide. The adjustment is similar to that already described with reference to the setting of the crease guide 29. At the end opposite the sleeve |09, the lever carries a roll I|1 engaging in a cam slot ||9 formed in fand the roundingknife 39` will trim off the surthelower end of a'lever' i2| pivoted to the 'frame at |23. The upper 'end of the lever 2| fis provided with a guideway |25 in which a pvot blockliss'e'- cured in radjusted position, the pivot block being connected by a link-|2`| with an arm |29 extending downwardly fiom a rock shaft |3|. The rock shaft |3| has av rearwardly projecting arm |33 secured thereto to which is attached a link |35 connected at its lower end to usual mechanism (which is fully disclosed in Patent No. 1,030,605) for controlling the heightwise position of the sole support 4| and channeling knife 43, comprising a horizontal rock shaft (not shown) connected through an arm |31 with the carrier slide 79. The arrangement is such that turning of the lever in a clockwise direction as seen in Fig. 9 (upon a depression of the treadle rod 53) causes the carrier slide 79 and so the channeling knife 43 to be lowered with respect to the support ll.

The form of the channeling knife 43 will be apparent from Figs. 6, 'l and 8. The stem of the knife is secured to the sole support and has a portion extending upwardly therefrom. The knife bends over forwardly and downwardly and its cutting edge |39 extends more or less vertically and is about 1%; inch in length, its lower portion extendingbelow and at a slight distance forward- 1y of the top edge of the sole support. The cutting edge |39 is not quite straight but is slightly bent in such manner that is adapted to make a channeling cut of the nature of the out il, l@ shown in Fig. 3.

We have found it convenient that in the machines shown in Figs. 6 to 10 the rocking movement of the sole support 4| in the guideway 8i should be rather more restricted than is usual in rounding and channeling machines of the Goodyear type. In this respect the length of the slot 85 seen in Figs. 6 and 7 may be compared with that of the corresponding slot 4| seen in the machine indicated in Figs. 4 and 5.

In the operation of the machine shown in Figs. 6 to 10 a shoe the shank portion of the outsole of which has already been operated upon to give the result seen in Fig. 2 (conveniently as aforesaid by having been operated upon in the manner shown in Fig. 4) is presented at one end of the shank at one side of the shoe to the machine as shown in Fig. 6. The flap of the channel formed by the cut l5 will conveniently previously have been opened out slightly to permit the operator so to present the work to the machine that the channeling knife 43 enters into the cut l5. As seen in Fig. 6, before the operator depresses the treadle connected to the treadle rod 53 the crease guide 4l occupies. such a lowered position that until it is raised the channeling knife 43 cannot enter further into the cut I5 and the outsole margin lies out of the path of the rounding knife 39. The operator now depresses the said treadle and by the arrangement hereinbefore described the rod 5| is raised and the spring 8'| allowed to advance the sole support 4| forwardly against the tread face of the outsole. This will ensure that the blade of the channeling knife 43 is properly retained in the cut l5. Upon continued depression of the said treadle, when the rod 53 has been moved downwardly sufliciently for the collar |01 to contact with the sleeve |09, the channeling knife 43 is lowered and the crease guide 41| elevated in the manner hereinbefore described. The operator will keep the shoe pressed upwardly in engagement with the crease guide. The parts are now in the operative positions seen in Fig. 7

vplus outsole margini (the path of this knife in the outsole is indicated in Figg?? by the line |43) and the channeling knife will deepen the cut already made in the outsole-to produce the form of channel seen in Fig. 3 at the-same time removing a 'wedge-shaped piece of material from the edge of the sole, thus serving to reduce the edge thickness. When the extent of the shank portion of the outsole at one side of the shoe has been operated upon the operator will allow the treadle last referred to to rise and will remove the shoe, turn it over and operateupon the shank portion of the outsole at the other side, in similar fashion. Thus the effect of the operations performed upon the outsole on the shoe by the machine indicated in Figs. 4 and 5 and by the machine indicated in Figs. 6 to 10 will have been to round and channel the outsole from the breast line at one side thereof around the forepart to the breast line at the other side thereof so that an American channel is formed at each side of the shank and an English channel around the forepart while material will have been removed from the shank at each side so that a desirable thin-edged appearance will be imparted to the shank of the outsole in the nished shoe.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. The method of operating upon soles which consists in forming an English channel in a sole, trimming the margin of the sole along a portion of the length of said channel to a depth sufficient to cause the channel to emerge from the edge of the sole, thereby converting a portion of the English channel into an American channel of less depth, and deepening the American channel.

2. The method of operating upon shoes which consists in forming an English channel around the shank and forepart of the sole of a shoe and simultaneously trimming the margin of the sole around the shank and forepart while gaging both the channeling and trimming operations to a desired outline around the forepart and to an excess width at the shank, and then trimming away the excess width and simultaneously deepening the channel at each side of the shank portion of the sole while gaging the second trimming and channeling operations to effect a desired width of sole and a desired depth of channel at the shank, the English channel at each side of the shank being converted by the second trimming operation into an American channel.

3. The method of operating upon lasted shoes which consists in forming an English channel around the shank and forepart o-f the sole of a lasted shoe and simultaneously ktrimming the margin of the sole around the shank and forepart while gaging both the channeling and trimming operations to a desired outline around the forepart and to an excess width at the shank, said channeling and trimming operations around the forepart being gaged from the shoe upper while at the shank portion of the sole the channeling and trimming operations are gaged from the welt crease, and then trimming away the excess width and simultaneously deepening the channel at each side of the shank portion of the sole while gaging the second trimming and channeling operations from the welt crease to effect a desired width of sole and a desired depth of channel at the shank, the English channel at each side of the shank being converted by the second trimming operation into an American channel.

4. Those steps in the manufacture of a. shoe which consist in assembling the shoe upon a last, temporarily securing the outsole in assembled p0- sition, then trimming the forepart of the outsole 5 to a desired outline and forming an English channel in the forepart of the outsole, said trimming and channeling operations being gaged fromthe shoe uppe'r, and then trimming the shank por'- tion Ao1- theoutsole and forming an- American channel in the shank portion of the outsole, the second mentioned trimming and channeling operatlons being gaged from the Welt crease.

CHARLES MARTIN BAGSHAW. 

